In an effort to break the deadlock, this front saw the introduction of new military technology, including poison gas, aircraft, and tanks. As a result, no significant advances were made. However, a combination of entrenchments, machine gun nests, barbed wire, and artillery repeatedly inflicted severe casualties on the attackers and counter attacking defenders. The attacks employed massive artillery bombardments and massed infantry advances. This line remained essentially unchanged for most of the war.īetween 19 there were several major offensives along this front. Both sides then dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Moltke -> Falkenhayn -> Hindenburg and Ludendorff -> Hindenburg and Groenerįrontiers – Liège – Antwerp – Great Retreat – Race to the Sea – Neuve Chapelle – 2nd Ypres – 2nd Artois – Hill 70 – 3rd Artois – Loos – Verdun – Hulluch – Somme – Arras – Vimy Ridge – 2nd Aisne – Messines – Passchendaele – Cambrai – Lys – 3rd Aisne – Belleau Wood – 2nd Marne – Château-Thierry – Hamel – Hundred Daysįollowing the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, the German army opened the Western Front by first invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. No unified command until 1918, then Maréchal Ferdinand Foch For most of World War I, Allied and German Forces were stalled in trench warfare along the Western Front.
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